TRPA1 | Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily A Member 1
Family:
Transient receptor potential channels
Subgroups:
TRPC (TRPC1–TRPC7), TRPV (TRPV1-TRPV6), TRPA1, TRPM (TRPM1–TRPM8), TRPP (TRPP1–TRPP3, PKD1, PKDREJ, PKDL1–PKDL3), TRPML (TRPML1–TRPML3), TRPN
Topology:
Most TRP channels are composed of 6 transmembrane domains (helices) with intracellular N- and C-termini, non-selectively permeable to various cations
TRPA1: Background information
TRPA1, also known as transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 and ANKTM1, is an ion channel best known as sensor for environmental irritants giving rise to somatosensory modalities such as pain, cold and itch. TRPA1 contains 14 N-terminal ankyrin repeats and is believed to function as a mechanical and chemical stress sensor. Studies indicate that the function may involve a role in signal transduction, growth control and as chemosensor. TRPA1 is considered as an attractive pain target as it has a central role in the pain response to endogenous inflammatory mediators.
Gene:
TRPA1
Human Protein:
UniProt O75762
Tissue:
Peripheral sensory neurons, hair cells, nociceptive neurons, human fibroblasts, liposarcoma cells,
Function/ Application:
Detection of chemical stimulus in sensory perception of pain, temperature transducer for ‘‘cold’’, nociceptive transduction, inflammation, inner ear function, calcium ion transmembrane transport
Pathology:
Episodic pain syndrome, familial, 1 (FEPS1), hyperalgesia, asthma, dentin sensitivity, somatoform disorder
Interaction:
AITC, HC030031, TMEM100, bradykinin, CYLD, SCMA, A-967079, PH domain and leucine rich repeat protein phosphatase 1, Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase
Modulator:
Gingerol, allicin, gentamycin, eugenol, cinnamaldehyde, mustard oil, menthol, delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), ruthetium red
Assays:
Patch Clamp: whole cell, extracellular perfusion
Particularities:
Ligand-gated as well as mechano-sensitive ion channel
Recommended Reviews:International Union of Pharmacology. XLIII. Compendium of voltage-gated ion channels: transient receptor potential channels., Pharmacol Rev 55(4):591-6 Clapham, et al. 2003