TRPV4 | Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily V Member 4
Family:
Transient receptor potential channels
Subgroups:
TRPC (TRPC1–TRPC7), TRPV (TRPV1-TRPV6), TRPA1, TRPM (TRPM1–TRPM8), TRPP (TRPP1–TRPP3, PKD1, PKDREJ, PKDL1–PKDL3), TRPML (TRPML1–TRPML3), TRPN
Topology:
Most TRP channels are composed of 6 transmembrane domains (helices) with intracellular N- and C-termini, non-selectively permeable to various cations
TRPV4: Background information
TRPV4 is a non-selective calcium permeant cation channel involved in osmotic sensitivity and mechanosensitivity exhibiting an outward rectification. It is activated by exposure to hypotonicity within the physiological range as well as by heat, low pH, citrate and phorbol esters. An increase of intracellular Ca2+ potentiates currents. The channel activity seems to be regulated by a calmodulin-dependent mechanism with a negative feedback mechanism.
Gene:
TRPV4
Human Protein:
UniProt Q9HBA0
Tissue:
Trachea, kidney, liver, spleen, skin, brain, PNS, heart
Function/ Application:
TRPV4 has been found to be involved in multiple phsiological functions, as the regulation of systemic osmotic pressure in the brain, the skin barrier, pain, osmosensation, homeostasis. In the vascular endothelium, it contributes to intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and regulation of cell volume while responding to mechanical stresses on the vasculature. It is crucially for the function of the cardiac, respiratory, urinary, skeletal, and digestive systems, as well as in the central and peripheral nervous systems.
Pathology:
Brachyolmia 3 (BCYM3), Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia Kozlowski type (SMDK), Metatropic dysplasia (MTD), Neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, 8 (HMN8), Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease 2C (CMT2C), Scapuloperoneal spinal muscular atrophy (SPSMA), Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia Maroteaux type (SEDM), Parastremmatic dwarfism (PSTD), Digital arthropathy-brachydactyly, familial (FDAB), Avascular necrosis of the femoral head, primary 2 (ANFH2)
Interaction:
Calmodulin, Map7, Src family Tyr protein kinases (LYN, SRC, FYN, HCK, LCK and YES), CTNNB1, PACSIN1, PACSIN2, PACSIN3, ITPR3, AQP5, ANO1, PKD2, and is part of the complex containing containing MLC1, AQP4, HEPACAM and ATP1B1.
Modulator:
Cannabidiol, Resiniferatoxin, GSK1016790A, RN1747, 4α-PDD, GSK2193874, HC067047, La3+, Gd3+, ruthenium red
Assays:
Patch Clamp: whole cell, temperature control
Recommended Reviews:International Union of Pharmacology. XLIII. Compendium of voltage-gated ion channels: transient receptor potential channels., Pharmacol Rev 55(4):591-6 Clapham, et al. 2003
TRPV4: Molecular Conductor of a Diverse Orchestra, Physiological Reviews 96(3):911-973 John P.M White et al. 2016